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Home / Salt, Dust, Chlorides Test Kits Buying Guide

Salt, Dust, Chloride Contamination Buying Guide

Achieving a flawless, long-lasting finish on steel surfaces starts with a clean foundation. Surface contamination from soluble salts and residual blast media are major factors affecting the long-term performance of coatings on steel surfaces. Before the application of protective coatings, substrates must be thoroughly inspected for the presence of surface contaminants such as soluble salts, dust, oil, and grease. Avoid premature coating failure and costly rework!

Ensure optimal coating performance on your steel projects. This buying guide will help you select the right surface contaminant test kit for your next project.

Contaminants Measured Standards Best Scenarios Benefits Disadvantages
DeFelsko PosiTector SST Probe and PosiPatch Starter Kit DEFELSKO® POSITECTOR SST KIT – PROBE ONLY VARIATIONS
  • Measures Total Salts – Chlorides (Measuring Range):
  • Conductivity: 0 – 1,500 μS/cm
  • Surface Density: 0 – 6,000 mg/m2, 0.0 – 600.0 μg/cm2
  • ISO 8502-6/8502-9
  • US Navy NSI 009-32
  • US Navy PPI 63101-000
  • Navy NAVSEA 009-32
  • AS 3894.6
  • IMO MSC.215(82)
  • IMO MSC.244(83)
  • SSPC Guide 15
  • ISO 11127-6
  • ASTM D4940
  • Measures Total Salts
  • Complete kit of Defelsko SST system.
  • Includes deionized wash water, components required to capture wash water, syringes to extract wash water and probe to calculate test results.
  • Operator doesn’t need to do any calculations to arrive at a reading as they are calculated by the gauge.
  • Does not measure chlorides, nitrates or sulfates individually, you need a titration tube for that
  • Higher investment required.
SCAT Surface Contamination Analysis Test Kit SCAT SURFACE CONTAMINATION ANALYSIS TEST KIT
  • Chlorides (40 ppm)
  • Ferrous ions (3 ppm)
  • pH level (4 to 9)
  • AS1627-1
  • AS3894-6
  • Measuring Chloride, Ferrous Irons & pH level.
  • Uses a test strip to measure in parts per million (ppm)
  • Older technology with no benefit over alternate technologies.
  • Older technology, that has more steps in it’s process and has more complex processes than alternate testing procedures.
ChlorTest CSN Test Kit Complete CHLORTEST CSN TEST KIT COMPLETE
  • Chlorides (5-200 ppm)
  • Sulfates (0-100 ppm)
  • Nitrates (0-150 ppm)
  • ISO8502
  • AS1627-4
  • Allows for testing for Chlorides (commonly known as salt), Sulfates (found sulfuric acid, which is present in exhaust fumes and creates acid rain) and Nitrates (found in nitric acid, which is present in exhaust emission and fertilizers)
  • Complete Kit, Contains Titration tubes to measure distinct surface contaminants
  • none
Chlor*Test Surface Chloride Ion Test Kit CHLOR*TEST SURFACE CHLORIDE ION TEST KIT
  • Chlorides (5-200 ppm)
  • ISO8502-5
  • ISO8502-6
  • AS1627-4
  • Testing for chloride, commonly known as sea or rock salt, by far the most common surface contaminant on a blasted surface.
  • Ability to measure for three different salts – chlorides, sulfides and nitrates.
  • None
ChlorCheck Chlor*Test Abrasive Chloride Test Kit CHLORCHECK CHLOR*TEST ABRASIVE CHLORIDE TEST KIT
  • Abrasive Chlorides (1-50 ppm)
  • ASTM D4940
  • Unique kit to determine the presence of chlorides in your abrasive. Don’t unwittingly blast adhesion destroying salt onto the surface you want to coat.
  • When your specification calls you to measure the chlorides in your abrasive
  • None

DeFelsko PosiTector SST Probe and PosiPatch Starter Kit SCAT Surface Contamination Analysis Test Kit ChlorTest CSN Test Kit Complete Chlor*Test Surface Chloride Ion Test Kit ChlorCheck Chlor*Test Abrasive Chloride Test Kit
DEFELSKO® POSITECTOR SST KIT – PROBE & PACKAGE OPTIONS SCAT SURFACE CONTAMINATION ANALYSIS TEST KIT CHLORTEST CSN TEST KIT COMPLETE CHLOR*TEST SURFACE CHLORIDE ION TEST KIT CHLORCHECK CHLOR*TEST ABRASIVE CHLORIDE TEST KIT
Contaminants Measured
  • Measures Total Salts – Chlorides (Measuring Range):
  • Conductivity: 0 – 1,500 μS/cm
  • Surface Density: 0 – 6,000 mg/m2, 0.0 – 600.0 μg/cm2
  • Chlorides (40 ppm)
  • Ferrous ions (3 ppm)
  • pH level (4 to 9)
  • Chlorides (5-200 ppm)
  • Sulfates (0-100 ppm)
  • Nitrates (0-150 ppm)
  • Chlorides (5-200 ppm)
  • Abrasive Cholorides
    (1-50 ppm)
Standards
  • ISO 8502-6/8502-9
  • US Navy NSI 009-32
  • US Navy PPI 63101-
    000
  • Navy NAVSEA 009-32
  • AS 3894.6
  • IMO MSC.215(82)
  • IMO MSC.244(83)
  • SSPC Guide 15
  • ISO 11127-6
  • ASTM D4940
  • AS1627-1
  • AS3894-6
  • ISO8502
  • AS1627-4
  • ISO8502-5
  • ISO8502-6
  • AS1627-4
  • ASTM D4940
Best Scenarios
  • Measures Total Salts
  • Complete kit of Defelsko SST system.
  • Includes deionized wash water, components required to capture wash water, syringes to extract wash water and probe to calculate test results.
  • Measuring Chloride, Ferrous Irons & pH level.
  • Uses a test strip to measure in parts per million (ppm)
  • Allows for testing for Chlorides (commonly known as salt), Sulfates (found sulfuric acid, which is present in exhaust fumes and creates acid rain) and Nitrates (found in nitric acid, which is present in exhaust emission and fertilizers)
  • Testing for chloride, commonly known as sea or rock salt, by far the most common surface contaminant on a blasted surface.
  • Unique kit to determine the presence of chlorides in your abrasive. Don’t unwittingly blast adhesion destroying salt onto the surface you want to coat.
Benefits
  • Operator doesn’t need to do any calculations to arrive at a reading as they are calculated by the gauge.
  • Older technology with no benefit over alternate technologies.
  • Complete Kit, Contains Titration tubes to measure distinct surface contaminants
  • Ability to measure for three different salts – chlorides, sulfides and nitrates.
  • When your specification calls you to measure the chlorides in your abrasive
Disadvantages
  • Does not measure chlorides, nitrates or sulfates individually, you need a titration tube for that
  • Higher investment required.
  • Older technology, that has more steps in it’s process and has more complex processes than alternate testing procedures.
  • None
  • None
  • None

Best Scenarios Benefits Disadvantages
PositTector SST Probe DEFELSKO® POSITECTOR SST – PROBE ONLY
  • Probe only for where an inspector already has a DeFelsko body.
  • Gauge set up will measure total salts
  • Fast accurate and simple
  • Will only measure total salts, not individual chloride ions
DeFelsko SST PosiPatch Standard (Rigid) Magnetic Ring DEFELSKO® SST POSIPATCH STANDARD (RIGID) MAGNETIC RING
  • Flat surfaces or those with a diameter greater than 40”
  • Failsafe method of containing wash water
  • Uses Plastic Needle, so safe for ‘no-sharp’ sites
  • None
DeFelsko PosiPatch Flexible Magnetic Ring DEFELSKO® SST POSIPATCH FLEXIBLE MAGNETIC RING
  • Surfaces with a diameter equal to, or greater than 4”
  • Failsafe method of containing wash water
  • Uses Plastic Needle, so safe for ‘no-sharp’ sites
  • None
DeFelsko Positector SST Latex Patches DEFELSKO POSITECTOR SST LATEX PATCHES
  • Used for containing deionized water (wash fluid).
  • Usually leaves no adhesive behind after removal.
  • None

PositTector SST Probe DeFelsko SST PosiPatch Standard (Rigid) Magnetic Ring DeFelsko SST PosiPatch Flexible Magnetic Ring
DEFELSKO® POSITECTOR SST – PROBE ONLY DEFELSKO® SST POSIPATCH STANDARD (RIGID) MAGNETIC RING DEFELSKO® SST POSIPATCH FLEXIBLE MAGNETIC RING DEFELSKO POSITECTOR SST LATEX PATCHES
Best Scenarios
  • Probe only for where an inspector already has a DeFelsko body.
  • Gauge set up will measure total salts
  • Flat surfaces or those
    with a diameter greater
    than 40”
  • Surfaces with a diameter
    equal to, or greater
    than 4”
  • Used for containing deionized water (wash fluid)
Benefits
  • Fast accurate and simple
  • Failsafe method of containing wash water
  • Uses Plastic Needle, so safe for ‘no-sharp’ sites
  • Failsafe method of containing wash water
  • Uses Plastic Needle, so safe for ‘no-sharp’ sites
  • Usually leaves no adhesive behind after removal
Disadvantages
  • Will only measure total salts, not individual chloride ions
  • None
  • None
  • None

 

Name Best Scenarios Benefits Disadvantages Product Page
PosiTest DT Dust Tape Test Kit Assess the quantity and size of dust particles on blasted clean surfaces in accordance with ISO 8502-3
  • Ensures Surface Cleanliness: Helps guarantee a clean surface before applying coatings, leading to better adhesion and overall finish
  • Easy to Use: The kit includes all the necessary tools and instructions for conducting dust tape tests according to ISO 8502-3 standards
  • Pass/Fail Testing: Provides a clear indication of whether the surface meets the required cleanliness level
  • Provides Documentation: Includes report forms to record test results, creating a permanent record for quality control purposes
  • Portable and Versatile: Suitable for both field and laboratory use, making it a practical solution for various applications
  • Complies with Standards: Conforms to international and military cleanliness standards like ISO 8502-3, AS 3894.6, and US Navy PPI 63101-000
  • Detailed Analysis: The included illuminated magnifier and dust test comparator enable easy and accurate assessment of dust particle size and quantity
  • The tape doesn’t remove any coating material, so deeply embedded contaminants might be missed
PosiTest DT Dust Tape Roller Pairs with the DT Test Kit – optional spring-loaded dust tape roller can be added to apply constant force during tape application
  • Applies Consistent Force: Ensures accurate dust tape tests by applying consistent pressure as recommended by ISO 8502-3 standards
  • Improves Accuracy: Consistent pressure leads to more reliable assessment of dust particle size and quantity on a cleaned surface
  • Complies with Standards: Helps you adhere to international and military cleanliness standards like ISO 8502-3, AS 3894.6, and US Navy PPI 63101-000
  • Not essential for basic testing
Duct Tape Test Complete Kit Ensures paint adhesion on steel by analyzing dust levels according to ISO standards in a portable and user-friendly way
  • Ensures Coating Adhesion: Helps guarantee a clean surface before painting, leading to better adhesion and a longer-lasting finish
  • Field-Ready: Portable and includes all necessary tools for on-site testing according to ISO 8502-3 standards
  • Pass/Fail Results: Provides clear and easy-to-interpret results, indicating if the surface meets the required cleanliness level
  • Detailed Analysis: Includes an illuminated magnifier and comparator for accurate assessment of dust particle size and quantity
  • Organized Documentation: Sturdy binder keeps all components organized and includes standardized report forms for recording test results
  • User-Friendly: Pictorial instruction manual ensures even first-time users can conduct tests effectively
  • Complete Kit: Contains everything you need to perform dust tape tests, including tape, scissors, sample transfer sheet, and comparator display board
  • The tape doesn’t remove any coating material, so deeply embedded contaminants might be missed
PosiTest DT Dust Tape Test Kit PosiTest DT Dust Tape Roller Duct Tape Test Complete Kit
Best Scenarios Assess the quantity and size of dust particles on blasted clean surfaces in accordance with ISO 8502-3 Pairs with the DT Test Kit – optional spring-loaded dust tape roller can be added to apply constant force during tape application Ensures paint adhesion on steel by analyzing dust levels according to ISO standards in a portable and user-friendly way
Benefits
  • Ensures Surface Cleanliness: Helps guarantee a clean surface before applying coatings, leading to better adhesion and overall finish
  • Easy to Use: The kit includes all the necessary tools and instructions for conducting dust tape tests according to ISO 8502-3 standards
  • Pass/Fail Testing: Provides a clear indication of whether the surface meets the required cleanliness level
  • Provides Documentation: Includes report forms to record test results, creating a permanent record for quality control purposes
  • Portable and Versatile: Suitable for both field and laboratory use, making it a practical solution for various applications
  • Complies with Standards: Conforms to international and military cleanliness standards like ISO 8502-3, AS 3894.6, and US Navy PPI 63101-000
  • Detailed Analysis: The included illuminated magnifier and dust test comparator enable easy and accurate assessment of dust particle size and quantity
  • Applies Consistent Force: Ensures accurate dust tape tests by applying consistent pressure as recommended by ISO 8502-3 standards
  • Improves Accuracy: Consistent pressure leads to more reliable assessment of dust particle size and quantity on a cleaned surface
  • Complies with Standards: Helps you adhere to international and military cleanliness standards like ISO 8502-3, AS 3894.6, and US Navy PPI 63101-000
  • Ensures Coating Adhesion: Helps guarantee a clean surface before painting, leading to better adhesion and a longer-lasting finish
  • Field-Ready: Portable and includes all necessary tools for on-site testing according to ISO 8502-3 standards
  • Pass/Fail Results: Provides clear and easy-to-interpret results, indicating if the surface meets the required cleanliness level
  • Detailed Analysis: Includes an illuminated magnifier and comparator for accurate assessment of dust particle size and quantity
  • Organized Documentation: Sturdy binder keeps all components organized and includes standardized report forms for recording test results
  • User-Friendly: Pictorial instruction manual ensures even first-time users can conduct tests effectively
  • Complete Kit: Contains everything you need to perform dust tape tests, including tape, scissors, sample transfer sheet, and comparator display board
Disadvantages
  • The tape doesn’t remove any coating material, so deeply embedded contaminants might be missed
  • Not essential for basic testing
  • The tape doesn’t remove any coating material, so deeply embedded contaminants might be missed

Checking for salts in blasting abrasive

Using Chlor-Test Ki Using Chlor-Test Kit

Read Video Content

It is very important to assess the chloride ion (salt) levels in your blast abrasive before blasting. A high salt level can pollute the surface that was blasted and result in premature coating failure and/or rusting. Testing the salt levels will allow you to steer clear from having to blast the surface again or even having to completely re-do the entire project.

Testing for salt:

We offer an abrasive Chloride Test Kit that can be used with common abrasive blast media. The test kit only takes minutes to complete and will assure you that you will not be introducing salt onto the surface.

How to perform Chlor*Test Chloride Test:

  • Get a sample of the abrasive into the empty sample dish that is provided
  • Level off the sample
  • Pour sample into the extraction fluid
  • Shake abrasive and extraction fluid combination for two minutes in closed container
  • Let settle for 5 minutes
  • Snap off both ends of the titrator tube
  • Place rubber camp on top end of titrator tube to help suck up fluid
  • Wait until fluid gets to the top
  • Easily read the chloride level

Chloride Field Testing demonstration

This video demonstrates the 3 types of chloride testing:

ISO 11127-6 Water Soluble Contaminant test (starts at 00:55)
ISO 8502-6 Method of Extraction from the Substrate and ISO 8502-9 for Method of Measurement (starts at 04:33)
ISO 8502-15 Chloride Ion Specific test (starts at 07:47)

Why use surface contamination kits?

Achieve optimal coating adhesion and longevity on abrasive-cleaned steel with effective contamination testing. Abrasive blasting, while removing old coatings and prepping the surface for better bonding, can introduce dust, grease, and other contaminants. These hidden enemies can compromise the performance of your protective coating system.

Surface contamination with salts drastically reduces the ability of a coating to adhere to a substrate. It can also be a starting point for corrosion underneath a coating. Most liquid-applied coatings have a certain amount of permeability and if water can get through to the substrate it reacts with salt to create corrosion. Using a surface contamination kit permits the detection of salts prior to painting. Contaminated surfaces will require washing down with fresh water to wash off any salts. Proprietary solutions are available for mixing with fresh water to improve the end result of the washing process.

What is Salt Contamination Testing?

A salt contamination test, as described by standards such as ISO 8502-6 and ISO 8502-9, is used to extract water soluble salts from a blasted steel substrate and determine their concentration. If within acceptable levels, no further action is generally required. If not within acceptable levels, cleaning methods (water/steam/alkaline cleaning) may be used, as detailed in ISO 12944-4.

Important considerations when choosing the right surface contamination analysis kit

There are two choices to be made when selecting a chlorides test – upfront investment or ongoing consumables cost and legacy systems or current generation systems.

Some systems, such as the DeFelsko SST, have more reusable components than others but require a higher upfront investment. Others such as the ChlorTest are largely comprised of disposable components. Your choice is between an upfront capex expenditure (and lower operating costs) or lower upfront costs and ongoing consumables cost.

You may have been using the same testing systems for years and getting satisfactory results or you may like to try the new generation of testing systems. The choice is yours – stick with what you know and are comfortable with or improve your process with the latest systems.

Common set-backs with chloride analysis kits

  • Some older systems have more steps and are more awkward to use
  • Consumables cost with some systems
  • Investment required for systems that have limited ongoing consumables cost

What is the Bresle Method?

The Bresle method offers a reliable way to detect and measure soluble salts on steel surfaces, a critical step for ensuring successful coating adhesion.

Here’s how this surface extraction method works:

  1. Targeted Extraction: A specialized patch containing purified water is placed on the steel surface.
  2. Salt Dissolution: The water dissolves any soluble salts present, increasing its electrical conductivity.
  3. Conductivity Measurement: A conductivity meter, such as the PosiTector SST, precisely measures this increase, revealing the concentration of dissolved salts.

DeFelsko Bresle Method Patch Options

PosiPatch

Reusable Bresle patch with Standard or Flexible magnetic ring—lowest per test cost

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DeFelsko Adhesive Patch

Self-adhesive, polyurethane Bresle Test patches

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Latex Adhesive Patch

Latex Bresle Test patch with easy-open tabs and low-tack adhesive for easy removal

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How to Perform the Bresle Method?

The Bresle method salt contamination test is performed in 3 easy steps when using the PosiTector SST.

1. Reference

2. Sample

3. Record

Dust (Contamination) Tape Test

What is a Dust Tape Test?

Ensuring a Clean Surface for Optimal Coating Adhesion

At BlastOne, we understand the importance of a clean surface for long-lasting paint and coating adhesion. The Dust Tape Test, following ISO 8502-3 standards, is a quick and reliable method to assess the level of dust contamination on steel surfaces before applying coatings.

Why is Dust on Steel a Concern?

After blast cleaning, steel surfaces can harbor residual dust particles from the blasting media itself, as well as environmental deposits. The Dust Tape Test helps identify the presence and severity of this dust contamination.

Taking Action with Confidence

By utilizing the Dust Tape Test, you can determine if your steel surfaces meet the required cleanliness standards. If necessary, BlastOne can recommend remedial measures as outlined in ISO 8504-2 to ensure optimal adhesion for your coatings.

How to perform a Dust Tape Test?

Performing the Dust Tape Test

The Dust Tape Test is a simple procedure for assessing surface cleanliness after blasting. Here’s how it works:

  1. Apply the Tape: Place a piece of dust tape onto the blasted surface.
  2. Remove the Tape: Firmly press down the tape to ensure good contact, then lift and remove it.
  3. Evaluate the Dust: Visually examine the tape to assess the size and amount of dust particles adhering to it.
  4. Compare to Standards: Refer to the pictorial references in ISO 8502-3 to determine the level of dust contamination. These references depict different levels of dust quantity and size.

Using the PosiTest DT Dust Tape Roller (Optional)

While not required, BlastOne recommends using the PosiTest DT Dust Tape Roller alongside the Dust Tape Test. This roller applies a calibrated force as recommended by ISO 8502-3, ensuring greater consistency and accuracy in your test results. It helps minimize variations that can occur from pressing down on the tape with your hand by providing a uniform application of pressure.

Benefits of Using the Dust Tape Roller

  • Improved Accuracy: The calibrated force of the roller reduces inconsistencies and leads to more precise test results.
  • Enhanced Repeatability: Consistent application of pressure ensures your tests are repeatable, allowing for better comparisons over time.
  • Professional Results: Using the roller signifies adherence to ISO standards and demonstrates a professional approach to quality control.

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Surface Cleanliness Test Standards

  • ISO 8501-1—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 1: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings

    ISO 8501-1 provides instructions for visually assessing blast, hand/power tool, and flame cleaned steel after the removal of coatings.*

    ISO 5801-1 is used to designate erected and stock steel () into four levels of “rust grades”, (i.e. A, B, C, D). Additionally, a number of “Preparation Grades” are identified to classify steel’s visual cleanliness (i.e. Sa 2 ½, St 2, FI, etc.) Finally, a visual assessment procedure is available as well as 28 representative photographic examples to assist in the assessment.

    *Refer to ISO 8501-1 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8501-2—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 2: Preparation grades of previously coated steel substrates after localized removal of previous coatings

    ISO 8501-2 provides guidance similar to ISO 8501-1, but rather than for wholly uncoated steel, ISO 8501-2 is a visual assessment for localized removal of paint.*

    ISO 8501-2 offers several “preparation grades” (similar to ISO 8501-1), defined and described visually. Localized blast cleaning (“P Sa”), localized hand/power tool cleaning (“P St”), and localized machine abrading (“P Ma”) are recognized cleaning methods. Representative photographs for the assessment are included.

    *Refer to ISO 8501-2 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8501-3—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 3: Preparation grades of welds, edges and other areas with surface imperfections

    ISO 8501-3 offers guidance for visually assessing and grading steel surfaces with imperfections, including welded and fabricated surfaces, to make them suitable for the application of paints and coatings.*

    The “preparation grades” for ISO 8501-3 are limited to three: “P1—Light Preparation”, “P2—Thorough Preparation”, and “P3—Very Thorough Preparation”.

    This standard includes illustrations depicting the type of imperfection (weld, edge, general surfaces) and preparation grades per defect.

    *Refer to ISO 8501-3 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8501-4—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Visual assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 4: Initial surface conditions, preparation grades and flash rust grades in connection with water jetting

    After the removal (or partial removal) of water-soluble contaminants such as salt, rust, previous paint coatings, and foreign matter; it is necessary to determine the level of cleanliness of the steel substrate. ISO 8501-4 specifies “Preparation Grades” defined by written descriptions and photographic representative examples.*

    ISO 8501-4 defines 5 “Initial Surface Conditions” (DC A, DC B, DC C, DP I, and DP Z), 3 “Preparation Grades” (WA 1, WA 2, and WA 2 ½), and 3 “Flash Rust Grades” (L, M, and H). It also includes a visual assessment procedure describing how to grade steel.

    *Refer to ISO 8501-4 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-1—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 1: Field test for soluble iron corrosion products

    ISO 8502-1 is a test method used to determine the soluble iron corrosion products on steel surfaces blast-cleaned to Sa 2 ½ (see ISO 8501-1) or better. This method tests for iron (ii) ions via colorimetric reaction.*

    This test method provides step-by-step instructions to perform the test procedure, lists required items, and reporting information. Annex A includes additional methods that can be used to determine iron corrosion products such as Conductivity Measurement and Potassium hexacyanoferrate (iii) (potassium ferricyanide) test strips.

    *Refer to ISO 8502-1 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-2—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 2: Laboratory determination of chloride on cleaned surfaces

    This laboratory method for determining the chloride content of steel substrates (coated or uncoated) details a chloride sampling method but also mentions that ISO 8502-6 (the Bresle method) may be used.*

    Chloride concentration may be determined by several methods: ion chromatography (ISO 10304-1), ion detection tube (Kitagawa tube) method (ISO 8502-5), ion selective electrode (ISO 9517), or by coulometric titration (ISO 8205-2, Annex A).

    *Refer to ISO 8502-2 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-3—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 3: Assessment of dust on steel surfaces prepared for painting (pressure-sensitive tape method)

    The ISO 8502-3 Dust Tape Test is performed by pressing a length of tape onto a blasted surface and then visually assessing the tape for the size and quantity of dust particles using the pictorial references found in the standard.*

    This test method may be used as a “pass/fail” test and/or to provide a permanent record of the dust present on a surface by placing the dust-contaminated tape onto a Dust Test Report Form.

    *Refer to ISO 8502-3 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-4—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 4: Guidance on the estimation of the probability of condensation prior to paint application

    ISO 8502-4 provides a method to give guidance on the estimation of the probability of condensation forming on a surface to be painted.*

    Several notes exist on ideal environmental conditions necessary for proper application and cure of paints and coatings. Testing procedures and reporting requirements are included, utilizing inspection equipment such as the PosiTector DPM.

    *Refer to ISO 8502-4 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-5—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 5: Measurement of chlorides on steel surfaces prepared for painting (ion detection tube method)

    ISO 8502-5 details a field test to measure chloride ions on steel and other painted surfaces before and after cleaning.

    Details an extraction method similar to ISO 8502-2. Test tubes with silver chromate are used to detect chloride ion concentration. Test tube calibration, test procedure, and test report information are all included. Additionally, the Bresle method (ISO 8502-6) can be used if the chloride surface density is higher than 100 mg/m2 (10 µg/cm2).

    *Refer to ISO 8502-5 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-6—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 6: Extraction of water soluble contaminants for analysis (Bresle method)

    ISO 8502-6 details the Bresle method as a means of extracting water soluble contaminants from a steel surface using adhesive patches or sleeves for analysis.*

    Clause 5 describes the various patches, sleeves, and other materials required for this extraction method, such as the PosiPatch and DeFelsko Brestle Method Patches. New to the 2020 version are recommendations for , a “Blank test” and a new recommended “extraction time”. The test procedure provides step-by-step instructions and reporting requirements.

    *Refer to ISO 8502-6 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-9—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 9: Field method for the conductometric determination of water-soluble salts

    ISO 8502-9 specifies a method of determining the surface density of water-soluble salts on steel surfaces by use of a conductometric instrument, such as the PosiTector SST. The surface extraction methods are detailed in ISO 8502-6.*

    This test method analyzes contaminants which form an electrolyte when in contact with water, representing total salt concentrations in a given test area. The procedure details the conductometer requirements, test procedure, and reporting requirements.

    *Refer to ISO 8502-9 for a complete description of the test standard

  • ISO 8502-15—Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products — Tests for the assessment of surface cleanliness — Part 15: Extraction of soluble contaminants for analysis by acid extraction

    ISO 8502-15 is similar to ISO 8502-6 (the Bresle method) as a method of extracting surface contaminants using patches or sleeves. Instead of using water as a solvent (ISO 8502-6), this method uses a mildly acidic solution.*

    Also, like ISO 8502-6, this standard is explicitly for the extraction of soluble contaminants, not the analysis. Recommendations include other parts of ISO 8502, such as ISO 8502-5 (ion detection tube).

    *Refer to ISO 8502-15 for a complete description of the test standard

Frequently Asked Questions

  • The complete ChlorTest kit also includes tests for sulfates and nitrates. What are they? What sort of problems do they cause? How common are they?

    Sulfates are produced by natural sources and are generated from stack gas and diesel emissions (oxidized from sulfur dioxide) and nitrates from diesel and auto emissions (oxidized from nitrous oxide). They convert to weak sulfuric and nitric acid in the atmosphere, when in contact with moisture. They are deposited on surfaces as acid rain. Chlorine and sulfuric acid are the two most widely produced and used chemicals in the world.

    Nitrogen fertilizers, in their manufacture, transport, use and runoff, result in oxidized nitrates, another salt, which is corrosive on metallic surfaces. Even without human intervention, nitrogen is in a constant cycle, alternating between soil and atmosphere. Nitrogen is constantly available in the atmosphere for deposition, and lightning readily converts atmospheric nitrogen to nitrogen oxides,which can form nitric acid. These salts act in the same way as sodium chloride (common salt) to cause corrosion. While not as prevalent a problem chloride contamination, they can be a real problem in specific environments e.g. fertilizer plant.

  • What consumables are used in chloride testing systems?

    For ChlorTest and SCAT tests, the entire kit is single use – both sampling and testing components. For the DeFelsko SST system the adhesive patches are single use (the PosiPatch is reusable), the needle tips, all other components are single use.

  • Can Chloride tests be performed on vertical and horizontal surfaces and overhead?

    Adhesive patch systems can be used in any of these situations, however, the swab method can only reliably be used on horizontal surfaces.

  • At how low a concentration level of chlorides can these tests detect contamination?

    The ChlorTest can test as low as 5 parts per million (ppm), the Scat test 40 ppm and the DeFelsko SST, as low as 1 ppm. Measuring the chloride contamination of a surface is performed at very low concentrations, therefore the lower the detection capabilities the more accurate the result.

  • Why is salt contamination measurement important?

    Soluble salt contamination on steel substrates can significantly compromise coating performance and lead to premature failure. These microscopic salts act as moisture magnets, drawing water from the environment beneath the coating. The resulting osmotic pressure breaks the adhesive bond between the coating and steel, leading to accelerated corrosion, osmotic blistering, and ultimately, coating detachment. To ensure optimal coating adhesion and longevity, BlastOne prioritizes thorough surface preparation techniques that minimize the risk of residual soluble salts.

  • What is measured with the PosiTector SST?

    Includes a certified and traceable conductivity probe specifically designed for measuring soluble salts in accordance with ISO 8502-6,9—the Bresle Method (Salts Test). Included with each probe is a Long Form Certificate of Calibration. The following parameters are measured by the PosiTector SST:

    • Conductivity (µS/cm)
    • Sampling Temperature (C° or F°) normalized to 25°C
    • Test duration

    Using the measured conductivity value and the sample test volume (set within the gage menu), the surface density of the salts (mg/m2 or µg/cm2) is automatically calculated in accordance with ISO 8502-9, saving the gage operator time and eliminating the chance of a calculation error.

  • What are some typical applications for PosiTector SST?

    The PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester is ideal for:

    (a) Testing substrates for the presence of soluble salts in accordance with ISO 8502-6,9 (the Bresle Method)

    (b) Testing blast media in accordance with ASTM 4940 and ISO 11127-6 (determination of water-soluble contaminates in abrasives by conductivity measurement)

    (c) Testing the conductivity of water within the range of 0-500 µS/cm

  • How is the PosiTector SST conductivity probe different than the conventional conductivity meters included with most other test kits?

    The PosiTector SST conductivity probe is specifically designed for testing soluble salts in accordance with ISO 8502-6,9 and has a number of features not found in conventional conductivity meters including . . .

    • An onscreen user interface to walk users through the Bresle test method, simplifying the task
    • Tracking and reporting of test duration (the total time of contact between the solvent and substrate) as required by ISO 8502-6
    • Automatic calculation of surface density with adjustments for different patch volumes – works with ANY Bresle-type patch
    • Free software for viewing and reporting data
    • Long form certificate of calibration traceable to NIST included at no extra charge. A certificate also comes with the included conductivity standard (calibration solution).
    • Automatic 25°C temperature normalization
    • Sample temperature recording as required by ISO 8502-9
    • Purpose-built, 1 ml test cell is optimized for the range, resolution and test volume of the Bresle Method
    • Rugged, stainless steel electrodes – ideal for industrial environments
    • Two year warranty

  • What information does the PosiTector SST save in its memory for each salts test?

    The PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester saves all measured information for each salts test. All information can also be reported in PosiSoft software.

    • Date and time of test
    • Test duration (the total time of contact between the solvent and substrate)
    • Background sample temperature (°C or °F)
    • Final sample temperature (°C or °F)
    • Increase in conductivity between background and final sample (µS/cm)
    • Calculated surface density of soluble salts (mg NaCl/m2, mg CL/m2, µg NaCl/cm2, or µg Cl/cm2)

  • Does the PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester need to be calibrated prior to use? How often should the PosiTector probe be recalibrated?

    The PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester arrives fully calibrated and ready to measure. A Long-Form Certificate of Calibration traceable to NIST or PTB is included, which documents actual readings taken by your conductivity probe at our calibration laboratory on standards traceable to a national metrology institute. Beware of ‘Certificates’ or ‘Certificates of Conformance’ offered by competitors. These typically do not include actual instrument readings, and are often insufficient to meet common quality requirements.

    A Verification of Accuracy can be performed by measuring known reference standards such as the supplied conductivity standard.

    PosiTector probes include a Certificate of Calibration showing traceability to NIST or PTB included (Long Form) with each probe—with no expiry or end date. They have no shelf life, therefore the length of time in the field is not a good indicator for recalibration intervals. Many organizations with quality programs and recertification programs require annual recalibrations, and this is a good starting point for most users. DeFelsko recommends that customers establish calibration intervals based upon their own experience and work environment. Based on our product knowledge, data and customer feedback, a one year calibration interval from the date the instrument was placed in service is a good starting point.

  • Does the PosiTector SST measure the concentration of individual salt ions?

    The PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester measures the overall conductivity of the test solution, and using calculations specified in ISO 8502-9, converts this value into a total surface density of salts.

  • Does the PosiTector SST display readings in PPM of salt?

    The PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester is built specifically for the Bresle test method which does not address PPM calculations. While empirical conversion factors exist for converting PPM to surface density, these are not recognized by any test method.

  • Can the PosiTector SST probe be immersed in the fluid it is testing?

    Yes. By immersing only the test cell, the PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester is ideal for testing the conductivity of water within the range of 0-500 µS/cm.

  • Can the PosiTector SST be used to measure the salt concentration in blast media?

    Yes. The PosiTector SST Soluble Salt Tester can be used as a conventional conductivity meter making it ideal for testing abrasive materials in accordance with ISO 11127-6 and ASTM D4940-15.

  • What is a Bresle Test?

    The Bresle Method Test, also known as a “salts test”, measures the concentration of soluble salts on steel surfaces prior to abrasive blast cleaning and paint application. The Bresle Method tests for salts by sampling a surface by means of “surface extraction”. Put simply, this method involves placing a volume of water in a chamber against the test surface. The water dissolves the soluble salts present on the surface, raising the electrical conductivity of the water. The measured increase in conductivity establishes the concentration of soluble salts.

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